People's Characteristics

 

Introduction 

HR operations and organizational architecture are frequently based on the assumption that everybody is the same and would behave reasonably when confronted with change or other challenges. However, social habits varies according to their features and individual variances, and it isn't always sensible. 

Differences in personal qualities 

According to Mischel (1968), following are variations of personal characteristics, 

• Abilities and skills.  
• The conceptual structure that governs how people perceive their nature.  
•  What people have learnt to expect about their own and others’ behavior.  
• What people believe to be important.  
• The goals people set themselves and the plans they make to achieve them. 

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These are impacted by environmental or situational variables, including the type of job individuals do, the culture, climate, and governed style in the organization. 

‘The capacity to solve problems, apply principles, make inferences and

perceive relationships.’ (Argyle, 1989) 

 

Ability 

People's ability is the characteristic that allows them to do an action. Burt (1954) and Vernon (1961) identified them into two groups as, 

V: ed – standing for verbal, numerical, memory, reasoning abilities.  

K:m – holding for spatial and mechanical abilities, motor skills relating to physical operations  

 

According to Schmidt and Hunter (1998), following a schema of 85 years of study findings, GMA was the most valid indicator of future performance and learning for choosing persons with no previous experience. 

Intelligence 

As previously said, general intelligence is comprised of some mental talents that enable a person to excel in a wide range of intellectual tasks that need the capabilities of knowing and reasoning. The mathematical approach of factor loadings has been used to determine intelligence's constituents. 

Personality 

According to Ivancevich et al. (2008), personality appears to be structured into patterns that are observable and measurable to some extent, and it involves both common and unique features - every individual is distinct from every other person in certain ways but like other people in others. Personality is influenced by both nature and upbringing. 

Personality characteristics. Costa and McRae (1992) 

1. Openness.  

2. Conscientiousness.  

3. Extraversion.  

4. Agreeableness.  

5. Neuroticism. 

Attitudes 

'Any attitude includes an evaluation of whether the item to which it relates is liked or hated.' Attitudes are formed by experience, but they are less permanent than attributes and can shift when new experiences or influences are received. Cultural elements (values and norms), managerial behavior (management style), regulations such as those concerning salary, recognition, promotion, and the quality of working life, and the effect of the ‘reference group' all have an impact on businesses. Makin et al (1996) 

Emotional intelligence 

Emotional intelligence is a set of talents and abilities that include self-awareness, self-control, empathy, and sensitivity to others' feelings. 

Components of emotional intelligence, Goleman (1995) 

The capacity to govern your own behavior and control or divert disruptive emotions and moods, as well as a proclivity to pursue goals with energy and tenacity. 

The capacity to notice and comprehend your moods, feelings, and impulses, as well as the impact they have on others. 

Understanding of other people's emotional nature and capacity to handle individuals based on their emotional reactions. 

capacity to find commonality and develop rapport, as well as skill in handling relationships and building connections to receive the desired outcome from others and achieve personal goals. 

 

References 

Mischel, W (1968) Personality and Assessment, Wiley, New York 

Vernon, P E (1961) The Structure of Human Abilities, Methuen, London 

Burt, C (1954) The differentiation of intellectual ability, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 24, pp 45–67 

Schmidt, F L and Hunter, J E (1998) The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: practical and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings, Psychological Bulletin, 124 (2), pp 262–74 

Argyle, M (1989) The Social Psychology of Work, Penguin, Harmondsworth 

Ivancevich, J M, Konopaske, R and Matteson, M T (2008) Organizational Behaviour and Management, 8th edn, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York 

Costa, P and McRae, R R (1992) NEO PI-R: Professional manual, Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL 

Makin, P, Cooper, C and Cox, C (1996) Organizations and the Psychological Contract, BPS Books, Leicester 

Goleman, D (1995) Emotional Intelligence, Bantam, New York